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    <title>Fuel Cell Nation</title>
    <link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/atom.xml" />
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    <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:weblog-1606672</id>
    <updated>2012-06-20T18:12:41-04:00</updated>
    <subtitle>Keith D. Patch&#39;s Fact-Based Analysis and Discussion of Renewable Energy Technologies</subtitle>
    <generator uri="http://www.typepad.com/">TypePad</generator>
<entry>
        <title>Looking for New Consulting or Employment Opportunities </title>
        <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2012/06/looking-for-new-employment-opportunities-.html" />
        <link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2012/06/looking-for-new-employment-opportunities-.html" thr:count="2" thr:updated="2012-12-01T13:27:33-05:00" />
        <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:post-6a00e54ff4427688340176159e8907970c</id>
        <published>2012-06-20T18:12:41-04:00</published>
        <updated>2013-04-18T17:12:27-04:00</updated>
        <summary>Thanks for your help! Hello Everyone! Thanks to all of you for following my blog. Rather than writing about some hot clean energy topic, this message is more personal. The time has come where I am looking for new opportunities...</summary>
        <author>
            <name>Keith D. Patch</name>
        </author>
        <category term="Business" />
        <category term="Current Affairs" />
        <category term="Direct Methanol Fuel Cells" />
        <category term="Electrochemistry (Other)" />
        <category term="Electrolyzers" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Fuel Cells" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Production" />
        <category term="Modeling" />
        <category term="Research" />
        
        <category term="alternative  energy" />
        <category term="clean energy" />
        <category term="employment" />
        <category term="experience" />
        <category term="green energy" />
        <category term="job" />
        <category term="Keith D. Patch" />
        <category term="Keith Patch" />
        <category term="resume" />
        
<content type="html" xml:lang="en-US" xml:base="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/">
&lt;div xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;photo-xid-6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b&quot; class=&quot;photo-wrap photo-xid-6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b&quot; style=&quot;float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; width: 145px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;asset-img-link&quot; onclick=&quot;window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false&quot; href=&quot;http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b-popup&quot;&gt;&lt;img class=&quot;asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b&quot; style=&quot;width: 145px;&quot; title=&quot;Keith D. Patch - Consulting&quot; src=&quot;http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b-150wi&quot; alt=&quot;Keith D. Patch - Consulting&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;caption-xid-6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b&quot; class=&quot;photo-caption caption-xid-6a00e54ff442768834016767a91af9970b&quot;&gt;Thanks for your help!&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Hello Everyone!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Thanks to all of you for following my blog. Rather than writing about some hot clean energy topic, this message is more personal. The time has come where I am looking for new opportunities and challenges in my professional life.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Since graduating from &lt;a title=&quot;MIT Chemical Engineering Department&quot; href=&quot;http://web.mit.edu/cheme/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;MIT&lt;/a&gt; with BS and MS degrees in Chemical Engineering Practice, my experience in the clean energy/green energy/alternative energy industry has been broad and deep. My energy work spans much of the hydrocarbon and electricity value chains, with biomass and nuclear work included. A sampling of my projects includes laboratory- and commercial-scale fluidized bed gasification of biomass, designing an economical cogeneration/district heating/district cooling system for a university hospital complex, computer modeling to automatically determine the minimum system weight of a hydrogen fuel cell-powered unmanned air vehicle (UAV) flying a two-week mission at a 70,000 foot altitude, and developing a water electrolyzer that will be capable of directly filling a fuel cell vehicle’s tank with 5,000 psig hydrogen. That&#39;s just the beginning. Ask for my resume for a complete overview.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; I have also done a fair amount of pharmaceutical and biotech device development work. My pharmaceutical work involved aseptic fill and finish operations of a controlled-release human growth hormone formulation, while my device development work has included developing the cooling subsystem for a new portable human organ persufflation/transportation device, as well as a portable methanol-fueled infusion fluid warmer. It seems that even my bio-related work involves energy!&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; My commitment to and interest in the energy field is evident. My recent participation in MIT Sloan’s “&lt;a title=&quot;Clean Energy Ventures&quot; href=&quot;http://sloanm.it/I568RU&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Clean Energy Ventures: Creating Innovative New Businesses Through Entrepreneurial Management&lt;/a&gt;,” as part of their Executive Certificate program, is testament to that ongoing dedication to the field.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Please contact me by posting a comment below if you have (or know of) consulting or employment opportunities that jibe with my experience, would like to network, or to request a copy of my resume. A good overview of my experience and interests can also be found in my LinkedIn profile &lt;a title=&quot;Keith D. Patch on LinkedIn&quot; href=&quot;http://linkd.in/kdp411&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;HERE&lt;/a&gt;. Or feel free to contact me through LinkedIn; be sure to request a connection so we can stay in touch.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;This is an exciting and upbeat time for me as I seek out new opportunities for work challenges. Thanks for your help and consideration.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;_mcePaste&quot; class=&quot;mcePaste&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 386px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden;&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Hello Everyone!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Thanks to all of you for following my blog. Rather than writing about some hot clean energy topic, this message is more personal. The time has come where I am looking for new opportunities and challenges in my employment life.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; My experience in the alternative energy/green energy/clean energy industry is broad and deep. My energy work spans much of the hydrocarbon and electricity value chains, with biomass and nuclear work included. A sampling of my projects includes laboratory- and commercial-scale fluidized bed gasification of biomass, designing economical cogeneration/district heating/district cooling systems for a university hospital complex, computer modeling to automatically determine the minimum system weight of a hydrogen fuel cell-powered unmanned air vehicle (UAV) flying a two-week mission at a 70,000 foot altitude, and developing a water electrolyzer that will be capable of directly filling a fuel cell vehicle’s tank with 5,000 psig hydrogen. That&#39;s just the beginning. Ask for my resume for a complete overview. &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; I have also done a fair amount of pharmaceutical and biotech device development work. My pharmaceutical work involved aseptic fill and finish operations of a controlled-release human growth hormone formulation, while my device development work has included developing the cooling subsystem for a new portable human organ persufflation/transportation device, as well as a portable methanol-fueled infusion fluid warmer. It seems that even my bio-related work involves energy!&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; My commitment to and interest in the energy field is evident. My recent participation in MIT Sloan’s “Clean Energy Ventures: Creating Innovative New Businesses Through Entrepreneurial Management,” as part of their Executive Certificate program, is testament to that ongoing dedication to the field.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sloanm.it/I568RU&quot;&gt;http://sloanm.it/I568RU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Please contact me by posting a link on this post if you have (or know of) employment opportunities that jibe with my experience, would like to network, or to request a copy of my resume. A good overview of my experience and interests can also be found my LinkedIn profile HERE. Or feel free to contact me through LinkedIn; be sure to request a connection so we can stay in touch.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linkedin.com/in/keithdpatch&quot;&gt;http://www.linkedin.com/in/keithdpatch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; This is an exciting and upbeat time for me as new opportunities for work challenges open. Thanks for your help and consideration.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content>



    </entry>
<entry>
        <title>DOE Electrolysis Working Group Meeting</title>
        <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/10/doe-electrolysis-working-group.html" />
        <link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/10/doe-electrolysis-working-group.html" thr:count="0" />
        <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:post-6a00e54ff44276883401539225bce8970b</id>
        <published>2011-10-16T20:06:36-04:00</published>
        <updated>2011-10-16T19:58:40-04:00</updated>
        <summary>I&#39;m back from the Fall 2011 U.S. DOE Fuel Cells Technology (FCT) Water Electrolysis Working Group Meeting. Industry, the National Renewable Energy Lab, and DOE participated. The aim of the Water Electrolysis Working Group, inaugurated in May 2007, is to...</summary>
        <author>
            <name>Keith D. Patch</name>
        </author>
        <category term="Demonstrations" />
        <category term="Electrolyzers" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Production" />
        <category term="Modeling" />
        <category term="Research" />
        
        <category term="Department of Energy" />
        <category term="DOE" />
        <category term="electrolysis" />
        <category term="FCT" />
        <category term="Fuel Cells Technology" />
        <category term="H2A" />
        <category term="hydrogen" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Analysis" />
        <category term="Water Electrolysis Working Group" />
        
<content type="xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" xml:base="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/">
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><a href="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e8c19fda4970d-popup" onclick="window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false" style="float: left;"><img alt="DOE H2 process" class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834014e8c19fda4970d" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e8c19fda4970d-120wi" style="margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px;" title="DOE H2 process" /></a> I&#39;m back from the Fall 2011 <a href="http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/water_electrolysis_group.html" target="_blank" title="Electrolysis Working Group">U.S. DOE Fuel Cells Technology (FCT) Water Electrolysis Working Group</a> Meeting. Industry, the <a href="http://www.nrel.gov/hydrogen/proj_production_delivery.html" target="_blank" title="NREL Hydrogen Production and Delivery">National Renewable Energy Lab</a>, and DOE participated. The aim of the Water Electrolysis Working Group, inaugurated in May 2007, is to bring  industry, academia, and national laboratories together to overcome the  technical barriers to commercializing electrolysis technology for the  production of hydrogen for transportation and industrial use.</p>
<p>In this 2-day meeting, the biggest news we were presented with were the changes in DOE&#39;s assumptions that have gone into updating Version&#0160;2.1.3 of the <a href="http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/h2a_analysis.html" target="_blank" title="DOE H2A Background">H2A</a> (which stands for Hydrogen Analysis) program to get the all-new new H2A Version&#0160;3. (H2A is an Excel spreadsheet that is intended to allow the economics of various advanced hydrogen technologies to be fairly compared, through use of consistent, reasonable assumptions.) The big news on H2A is how with the switch from 5,000&#0160;psig to 10,000&#0160;psig hydrogen, compression, storage, and dispensing (CSD) costs have <span style="text-decoration: underline;">markedly</span> increased. What was previously $1.82/GGE (gallon of gasoline equivalent) for 5,000&#0160;psig CSD is now $3.23/GGE for 10,000&#0160;psig! This significant increase in CSD costs is making it difficult for all hydrogen production pathways to match the energy cost of gasoline. A recommendation of the Working Group was to investigate the economic benefit of electrolytically generating hydrogen at a significant pressure, thereby potentially decreasing the corresponding CSD costs, and reducing the delivered cost of hydrogen.</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff4427688340154362204de970c-popup" onclick="window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false" style="float: left;"><img alt="DOE H2 Elements" class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff4427688340154362204de970c" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff4427688340154362204de970c-120wi" style="margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px;" title="DOE_Elements" /></a>I was able to find public versions of the Interim <a href="http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/mypp/" target="_blank" title="US DOE MYPP">U.S. DOE Fuel Cell Technologies Program Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan</a> that were presented at the meeting:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/mypp/pdfs/production.pdf" target="_blank" title="DOE MYPP H2 Production Update">DOE MYPP Hydrogen Production, 2011 Interim Update</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/mypp/pdfs/storage.pdf" target="_blank" title="DOE MYPP H2 Storage Update">DOE MYPP Hydrogen Storage, 2011 Interim Update&#0160;</a></li>
</ul>
<p>As a footnote for the plan, the DOE says:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This document is currently being updated. The existing document on the Web shows the previous name of the Program within the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) ­ the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program. The Program&#39;s name was changed to the Fuel Cell Technologies Program in 2009. Furthermore, the DOE-wide program formerly known as the DOE Hydrogen Program (which integrates hydrogen and fuel cell activities in the Offices of EERE, Science, Fossil Energy, and Nuclear Energy) has also been changed, to the DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program. ﻿</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Whew! That&#39;s a mouthful!</p></div>
</content>



    </entry>
<entry>
        <title>Crystal City, Here I Come!</title>
        <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/04/crystal-city-here-i-come.html" />
        <link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/04/crystal-city-here-i-come.html" thr:count="1" thr:updated="2012-12-08T14:39:15-05:00" />
        <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:post-6a00e54ff44276883401538df55fd8970b</id>
        <published>2011-04-19T20:14:53-04:00</published>
        <updated>2011-04-19T20:45:01-04:00</updated>
        <summary>Time for the 2011 U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program and Vehicle Technologies Program Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting (AMR). May 9-13, 2011 I am traveling to the Crystal City Marriott and Crystal Gateway...</summary>
        <author>
            <name>Keith D. Patch</name>
        </author>
        <category term="Current Affairs" />
        <category term="Electrolyzers" />
        <category term="Hydrogen (Other)" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Fuel Cells" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Production" />
        <category term="Membranes" />
        <category term="Modeling" />
        <category term="Research" />
        <category term="Science" />
        <category term="Travel" />
        
        <category term="DOE" />
        <category term="electrolyzer" />
        <category term="Green energy" />
        <category term="home refueling appliance" />
        <category term="hydrogen production" />
        <category term="SBIR" />
        <category term="Small Business Innovative Research" />
        <category term="U.S. Department of Energy" />
        
<content type="xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" xml:base="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/">
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><a href="http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/" onclick="window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false" style="display: inline;"><img alt="DOE H2 Program" class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834014e6109af37970c" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e6109af37970c-300wi" style="width: 290px;" title="DOE H2 Program" /></a></p>
<p>Time for the 2011 U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program and Vehicle Technologies Program <a href="http://www.annualmeritreview.energy.gov/" target="_blank" title="Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting">Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting</a> (AMR). May&#0160;9-13, 2011 I am traveling to the Crystal City Marriott and Crystal Gateway Marriott, in Arlington, Virginia to make a poster presentation. The Poster is for the first year of a Phase II Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant I wrote titled &quot;﻿Unitized Design for Home Refueling Appliance for Hydrogen Generation to 5,000 psi.&quot;</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e6109c121970c-popup" onclick="window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false" style="float: left;"><img alt="HRA System Figure" class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834014e6109c121970c" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e6109c121970c-120wi" style="margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px;" title="HRA System Figure" /></a> The Poster presentation for the last year&#39;s Phase I work at <a href="http://www.ginerinc.com/about.ges.php" target="_blank" title="GES">Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLC</a> is located here: <a href="http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review10/pd065_norman_2010_p_web.pdf" target="_blank" title="Unitized Design for Home Refueling Appliance for Hydrogen Generation to 5,000 psi">Unitized Design for Home Refueling Appliance for Hydrogen Generation to 5,000 psi.</a></p>
<p>Here is some background on the project:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">&quot;U.S. automakers have invested significant resources in the research and development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. However, to enable their widespread use, an additional major investment will be required to construct an infrastructure for hydrogen production and delivery to fueling stations. In order to facilitate this transition, the DOE has recommended that high-pressure hydrogen generation for home refueling of fuel cell vehicles be implemented as an intermediary approach.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">GES has developed PEM-based electrolyzer technology for producing hydrogen at moderate to high pressure directly in the electrolyzer stack ... A low-cost process for producing high-pressure hydrogen from water by electrolysis will significantly advance the development of the hydrogen economy, providing hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles at a price competitive with that of gasoline on a per-mile basis. The ability to produce hydrogen economically, the relatively low capital cost of the electrolyzer unit, and the low maintenance cost of the unit will allow widespread distribution of hydrogen home fueling appliances deemed necessary for the introduction of fuel cell vehicles.&quot;</p>
<p>I just submitted a U.S. Patent application on this idea, so I can&#39;t really say anything in addition to what&#39;s in the public documents. But, enjoy!</p></div>
</content>



    </entry>
<entry>
        <title>New PNNL Catalyst</title>
        <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/02/new-pnnl-catalyst.html" />
        <link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/02/new-pnnl-catalyst.html" thr:count="0" />
        <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:post-6a00e54ff4427688340147e2ccf8a4970b</id>
        <published>2011-02-24T20:17:02-05:00</published>
        <updated>2011-09-14T12:32:06-04:00</updated>
        <summary>Jun Liu at the U.S. Department of Energy&#39;s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has published a new paper titled Stabilization of Electrocatalytic Metal Nanoparticles at Metal-Metal Oxide-Graphene Triple Junction Points. A paperweight for platinum, a press release from PNNL, summarizes the...</summary>
        <author>
            <name>Keith D. Patch</name>
        </author>
        <category term="Catalyst" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Fuel Cells" />
        <category term="Journals/Magazines" />
        <category term="Modeling" />
        <category term="Research" />
        
        <category term="catalyst" />
        <category term="DOE" />
        <category term="fuel cell" />
        <category term="green energy" />
        <category term="PNL" />
        <category term="PNNL" />
        
<content type="xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" xml:base="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/">
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><a href="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e5f722066970c-popup" onclick="window.open( this.href, &#39;_blank&#39;, &#39;width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0&#39; ); return false" style="float: left;"><img alt="Liu PNNL Graphene" class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834014e5f722066970c" height="114" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e5f722066970c-320wi" style="margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px;" title="Liu PNNL Graphene" width="171" /></a> Jun Liu at the U.S. Department of Energy&#39;s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has published a new paper titled <a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ja107719u" target="_blank" title="Liu ACS Article">Stabilization of Electrocatalytic Metal Nanoparticles at Metal-Metal Oxide-Graphene Triple Junction Points</a>.&#0160;<a href="http://www.pnl.gov/news/release.aspx?id=844" target="_blank" title="Liu PNNL Summary">A paperweight for platinum</a>, a press release from PNNL, summarizes the cathode catalyst work.</p>
<p>Liu and co-workers synthesized indium tin oxide (ITO) on graphene, then added platinum to create a reportedly more stable, more active oxygen reduction catalyst. Both density functional theory (DFT) modeling on a supercomputer and electrochemical testing showed marked stability and activity improvements over the classic platinum on carbon catalyst, or even platinum on graphene. Fuel cell testing has not yet been completed.</p>
<p>This is important and interesting work that builds on the early research by Chhina et al, <a href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378775306009104" target="_blank" title="Chhina J. Power Sources Article">An oxidation-resistant indium tin oxide catalyst support for proton exchange membrane fuel cells</a>. Apparently by supporting the ITO/Pt particles on the graphene substrate, Liu is able to produce these activity and stability improvements. The interesting thing is that in his ongoing DOE-funded research program <a href="http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/progress09/v_e_3_wang.pdf" target="_blank" title="Liu FY2009 DOE Progress Report">Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance, Cathode Supports for PEM Fuel Cells</a>, Liu did not initially choose to research ITO as a catalyst support. It was only as his research progressed that he started testing ITO, leading to this new ternary catalyst!</p>
<p>Now we have to wait fuel cell test results! Unfortunately, too many catalysts have shown promise in preliminary tests, only to show problems and limitations during subsequent comprehensive tests. Good luck!</p></div>
</content>



    </entry>
<entry>
        <title>Hydrogen for 65,000 Feet</title>
        <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/01/hydrogen-for-65000-feet.html" />
        <link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/2011/01/hydrogen-for-65000-feet.html" thr:count="0" />
        <id>tag:typepad.com,2003:post-6a00e54ff4427688340147e196c9ca970b</id>
        <published>2011-01-14T20:48:48-05:00</published>
        <updated>2011-03-29T12:17:32-04:00</updated>
        <summary>In 2003-2004 Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLC put me in charge of building a MATLAB/Simulink model that automatically optimized the design of a fuel cell-based power generation system for a stated 2-week high-altitude, long-endurance (HALE) aircraft mission. NASA and other government...</summary>
        <author>
            <name>Keith D. Patch</name>
        </author>
        <category term="Current Affairs" />
        <category term="Demonstrations" />
        <category term="Hydrogen Fuel Cells" />
        <category term="Modeling" />
        <category term="Space, Air, Land, Sea Vehicles" />
        
        <category term="aircraft" />
        <category term="fuel cell" />
        <category term="HALE" />
        <category term="high-altitude" />
        <category term="hydrogen" />
        <category term="long-endurance" />
        <category term="MATLAB" />
        <category term="modeling" />
        <category term="simulation" />
        <category term="Simulink" />
        
<content type="xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" xml:base="https://blog.fuelcellnation.com/">
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In 2003-2004 <a title="Giner Electrochemical Systems" href="http://www.ginerinc.com/" target="_blank">Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLC</a> put me in charge of building a <a title="MATLAB" href="http://www.mathworks.com/" target="_blank">MATLAB</a>/<a title="Simulink" href="http://www.mathworks.com/products/simulink/" target="_blank">Simulink</a> model that automatically <a title="optimized" href="http://www.mathworks.com/products/optimization/" target="_blank">optimized</a> the design of a fuel cell-based power  generation system for a stated 2-week high-altitude, long-endurance (HALE)  aircraft mission. NASA and other government agencies were convinced that  an air-breathing, liquid hydrogen fueled engine would provide the lowest-weight HALE aircraft power plant. Accordingly, they hired us to determine the  weight and volume of such a hydrogen-fueled proton exchange membrane  (PEM) fuel cell-based system. Other firms optimized the design of alternative power plants, such as a  hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine.</p>
<p><a title="AeroVironment" href="http://www.avinc.com/" target="_blank">AeroVironment </a>is developing both types of aircraft. In 2005  they demonstrated a 1/4-scale version of their Global Observer HALE  aircraft that was driven by a liquid hydrogen-based fuel cell engine.  Earlier this month (1/11/2011) AeroVironment's full-scale, liquid hydrogen-fueled, internal combustion engine-based <a title="Global Observer" href="http://www.avinc.com/resources/press_release/global_observer_aerovironments_extreme_endurance_unmanned_aircraft_system_a" target="_blank">Global Observer</a> took its first flight, lasting four-hours. Ultimately, with its 175 foot wingspan, it will operate for  up to a week at 65,000 feet.</p>
<p><a style="display: inline;" onclick="window.open( this.href, '_blank', 'width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0' ); return false" href="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e6030eed5970c-popup"><img class="asset  asset-image at-xid-6a00e54ff442768834014e6030eed5970c" style="width: 290px;" title="AV Global Observer" src="http://blog.fuelcellnation.com/.a/6a00e54ff442768834014e6030eed5970c-300wi" alt="AV Global Observer" /></a> <br /><strong>Global Observer at at Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB) in California (USAF Photo)<br /></strong></p>
<p>Its always good when the theoretical becomes reality!</p></div>
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